Cosmic Acceleration from Causal Backreaction with Recursive Nonlinearities

We revisit the causal backreaction paradigm, in which the need for Dark Energy is eliminated via the generation of an apparent cosmic acceleration from the causal flow of inhomogeneity information coming in towards each observer from distant structure-forming regions. This second-generation formalism incorporates "recursive nonlinearities": the process by which already-established metric perturbations will then act to slow down all future flows of inhomogeneity information. Here, the long-range effects of causal backreaction are now damped, weakening its impact for models that were previously best-fit cosmologies. Nevertheless, we find that causal backreaction can be recovered as a replacement for Dark Energy via the adoption of larger values for the dimensionless `strength' of the clustering evolution functions being modeled -- a change justified by the hierarchical nature of clustering and virialization in the universe, occurring on multiple cosmic length scales simultaneously. With this, and with one new model parameter representing the slowdown of clustering due to astrophysical feedback processes, an alternative cosmic concordance can once again be achieved for a matter-only universe in which the apparent acceleration is generated entirely by causal backreaction effects. One drawback is a new degeneracy which broadens our predicted range for the observed jerk parameter $j_{0}^{\mathrm{Obs}}$, thus removing what had appeared to be a clear signature for distinguishing causal backreaction from Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$CDM. As for the long-term fate of the universe, incorporating recursive nonlinearities appears to make the possibility of an `eternal' acceleration due to causal backreaction far less likely; though this does not take into account gravitational nonlinearities or the large-scale breakdown of cosmological isotropy, effects not easily modeled within this formalism.Comment: 53 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. This paper is an advancement of previous research on Causal Backreaction; the earlier work is available at arXiv:1109.4686 and arXiv:1109.515

Update on Biological Therapeutics for Asthma

ABSTRACT: Asthma poses a significant burden on patients, families, health care providers, and the medical system. While efforts to standardize care through guidelines have expanded, difficulty in managing severe asthma has encouraged research about its pathobiology and treatment options. Novel biologic therapeutics are being developed for the treatment of asthma and are of potential use for severe refractory asthma, especially where the increased cost of such agents is more likely justified. This review will summarize currently approved (omalizumab) and investigational biologic agents for asthma, such as antibodies, soluble receptors, and other protein-based antagonists, and highlight recent published data on efficacy and safety of these therapies in humans. As these newer agents with highly targeted pharmacology are tested in asthma, we are also poised to learn more about the role of cytokines and other molecules in the pathophysiology of asthma

Potential Targeting of Siglecs, Mast Cell Inhibitory Receptors, in Interstitial Cystitis

Mast cell increases and activation are detected in the chronic inflammatory bladder disease interstitial cystitis (IC), and their proinflammatory mediators are felt to contribute to regional pelvic pain and inflammatory pathophysiology. The immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif-containing sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) expressed in mast cells could be evaluated as in vivo signaling regulators capable of inhibiting IC-related mast cell activation

Symmetric spaces of higher rank do not admit differentiable compactifications

Any nonpositively curved symmetric space admits a topological compactification, namely the Hadamard compactification. For rank one spaces, this topological compactification can be endowed with a differentiable structure such that the action of the isometry group is differentiable. Moreover, the restriction of the action on the boundary leads to a flat model for some geometry (conformal, CR or quaternionic CR depending of the space). One can ask whether such a differentiable compactification exists for higher rank spaces, hopefully leading to some knew geometry to explore. In this paper we answer negatively.Comment: 13 pages, to appear in Mathematische Annale

Wiener algebra for the quaternions

We define and study the counterpart of the Wiener algebra in the quaternionic setting, both for the discrete and continuous case. We prove a Wiener-L\'evy type theorem and a factorization theorem. We give applications to Toeplitz and Wiener-Hopf operators

Normal families of functions and groups of pseudoconformal diffeomorphisms of quaternion and octonion variables

This paper is devoted to the specific class of pseudoconformal mappings of quaternion and octonion variables. Normal families of functions are defined and investigated. Four criteria of a family being normal are proven. Then groups of pseudoconformal diffeomorphisms of quaternion and octonion manifolds are investigated. It is proven, that they are finite dimensional Lie groups for compact manifolds. Their examples are given. Many charactersitic features are found in comparison with commutative geometry over $\bf R$ or $\bf C$.Comment: 55 pages, 53 reference

Convolution-type derivatives, hitting-times of subordinators and time-changed C0C_0-semigroups

In this paper we will take under consideration subordinators and their inverse processes (hitting-times). We will present in general the governing equations of such processes by means of convolution-type integro-differential operators similar to the fractional derivatives. Furthermore we will discuss the concept of time-changed $C_0$-semigroup in case the time-change is performed by means of the hitting-time of a subordinator. We will show that such time-change give rise to bounded linear operators not preserving the semigroup property and we will present their governing equations by using again integro-differential operators. Such operators are non-local and therefore we will investigate the presence of long-range dependence.Comment: Final version, Potential analysis, 201